DIAMONDS

Regardless of whether your diamond is the result of the geological process that creates a natural diamond or the technological process of a lab grown diamond, a diamond is graded using the 4 C's. Knowledge about the 4 C's will help you as you work towards purchasing a diamond. Just remember that the perfect diamond is what looks perfect on you!

Diamonds - The 4 C's


Thinking of buying a diamond?  Regardless of where your diamond comes from, the four C's make a diamond more than just compressed coal. Knowledge about the four C's will help you as you work towards purchasing a diamond. The 4 C’s are: Cut, Colour, Clarity and Carat Weight.


Cut

Cut refers to the angles and proportions a skilled craftsman creates in transforming a rough diamond into a polished diamond. A well-cut diamond will reflect light internally from one mirror-like facet to another, dispersing it through the top of the stone. Cuts that are too deep or too shallow lose or 'leak' light through the side or bottom, affecting the diamond's brillance.


Colour

Most diamonds have tiny tints of colour. The more 'colourless' a diamond is, the more desirable. Diamonds are graded on a colour scale established by the Gemological Institute of America (GIA), ranging from D (colourless) to Z. Diamonds are also found in in 'fancy' colours; pink, blue, green, yellow, brown, and orange. These diamonds called 'fancies' are rare and valuable. These colours extend beyond the GIA colour grading system.


Clarity

Diamonds, like people, have natural blemishes in their make-up, These 'inclusions' are formed by minerals or fractures while the diamond is forming in the earth. When light enters a diamond, it is reflected and refracted out. Depending on the inclusion, it could disrupt the flow of light and a portion of the light reflected will be lost. Most inclusions are not visible to the naked eye without magnification. The scale established by the GIA is FL to I.


Carat Weight

Carat is often confused with size even though it is actually a measure of weight. The cut of a diamond can make it appear much larger or smaller than its actual weight. A one carat diamond can de divided into 100 'points'.  A  .75 carat diamond is the same as a 75-points or a 3/4 carat diamond.

Why not include a 5th C? Canadian!

Canadian Diamonds


Canadian diamonds are stunning, have great attributes and are among the highest quality found anywhere in the world.  They are mined in the North in accordance with the principles of sustainable development.  Canadian diamonds meet the requirements of the Kimberly Process, which guarantees they are conflict-free and many of them can be traced back to the mine of origin.  


Mining diamonds at the highest environmental and social standards is expensive.  There are also the added costs of tracking the stone from the mine, through all stages of the refinement process, to finally you, the consumer.  You will find there is often a premium price for Canadian diamonds.  Paul Mara Jewellers abides by a Canadian Diamond Code of Ethics.  Our Canadian diamonds come with a report or certificate that gives the polished diamonds description, a unique Diamond Identification Number (DIN) and a statement of certification that the polished diamond is of Canadian origin.

Lab Grown Diamonds


Today’s lab grown diamonds are a relatively new phenomena in the fine jewellery industry.  Even though man-made diamonds have been around for a while in industrial uses, the high quality of today’s lab grown diamonds have made them an appealing choice for consumers with specific priorities.  


These diamonds are grown in a highly controlled laboratory setting using an advanced technological process that duplicate the conditions under which diamonds naturally develop in the earth’s mantle.  These diamonds are grown from a tiny carbon seed of a pre-existing diamond which is placed in a chamber along with varying amounts of a carbon-heavy gas and superheated into a glowing plasma ball.  The process creates particles that can eventually crystallize and accumulate on the diamond seed causing it to grow in as little as three months.  


 Lab grown diamonds have the same physical, chemical and optical properties of mined diamonds and are graded using the 4 C’s.  They exhibit the same properties of sparkle, fire and scintillation as mined diamonds but are a less expensive alternative to naturally mined diamonds of a similar size and quality.  It is an option for buyer’s who are seeking a diamond that is less expensive, more environmentally-friendly and ethically sourced.

Diamond Alternatives


Still looking for an affordable alternative to a diamond but don’t want to lose the sparkle?  Paul Mara Jewellers offers diamond alternatives such as moissanite or white sapphire.  


Moissanite is engineered in a laboratory to give the appearance of a diamond.  While it is similar to a diamond in look, it does not have the same physical, chemical or visual properties.  A moissanite’s fiery brilliance is more of a rainbow sparkle instead of a diamond’s white sparkle.  Moissanite is suitable for everyday wear in an engagement ring and is a very popular substitute for people who are not looking for a diamond.


White sapphires are another choice for someone who wants a precious, natural and colourless gemstone.  While less durable then a diamond or moissanite, white sapphires have a beauty of their own and are considered to be excellent for everyday wear.  While the sparkle of a white sapphire is less than a diamond, it has a natural beauty all on its own and is perfect for someone look for a more understated elegance.

CONTACT

Paul Mara Jewellers

657 Fort Street

Victoria, BC V8W 1G6

P: 250.475.1444

F: 250.475.2030

TF: 877.400.1444

EMAIL

HOURS

During December

Monday - Saturday 10 - 5


Open 

Sunday December 20 11 - 4

Thursday December 24 10 - 2


Closed

December 25 - January 4, 2021